Understanding the Importance of HIV Screenings

HIV screenings are tests performed to detect the presence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in an individual's body.

HIV Screenings FAQ

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What is a HIV screening test?

An HIV screening test checks to see if you’ve been infected with the HIV virus. About 1.2 million people in the U.S. have HIV. But about 1 in 7 people don’t know their HIV status. Also, about 40% of new infections are spread by people who are unaware of their HIV status or haven’t had a test.

Why are HIV screenings important?

HIV screenings are important. The sooner a person receives a diagnosis, the earlier they can begin ART. If a doctor is able to treat HIV promptly, the virus may fall to an undetectable level. This means that a person can live a full and active life despite the HIV diagnosis and that the virus cannot transmit to anyone else.

How do I get screened for HIV?

HIV screening is usually done as part of regular preventative tests during your annual visit to the doctor. But if you’re more likely to have HIV or think you could’ve been exposed, ask your doctor for a test. You can also get screened for HIV at several testing sites such as: Many pharmacies carry FDA-approved self-testing home kits.

What does a HIV blood test check for?

The blood test checks for HIV antibodies – proteins that the immune system makes in response to HIV infection. Most laboratory tests now also check for HIV antigens – proteins that are a part of the virus.

How do you test for HIV?

Testing for HIV involves a blood test. The most common test is a blood sample (usually from your arm) taken in a clinic which is sent to be processed at a laboratory. The blood test checks for HIV antibodies – proteins that the immune system makes in response to HIV infection.

What is a HIV antigen test?

An antigen test will detect HIV infection at an earlier stage than an HIV antibody test. It tests for quantities of a protein known as the p24 antigen, which is part of the HIV virus and produced in high amounts early on after contracting HIV. In Australia, most labs currently test for both HIV antibodies and the p24 antigen.