Low-Dose Antibiotics - Medical Uses

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Does continuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis prevent urinary tract infection?

Continuous low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent urinary tract infection in adults who perform clean intermittent self-catheterisation: the AnTIC RCT. Health Technol Assess 2018;22:1-102. doi:10.3310/hta22240. pmid:29766842

Which antibiotics are used for antibiotic prophylaxis?

For participants assigned to antibiotic prophylaxis, the drug used was chosen from nitrofurantoin (50 or 100 mg), trimethoprim (100 mg), or cefalexin (250 mg) given orally once daily, depending on previous urine culture results and individuals’ history of allergy or intolerance. Methenamine hippurate was prescribed as a twice daily oral dose (1 g).

When should antibiotics be given?

† lntravenous prophylactic antibiotics should be given at induction of anesthesia (30-60 min before incision). For prolonged operations or operations with excessive bleeding, additional intraoperative doses should be given, except in patients with severe renal failure. Postoperative dosing depends on patient's renal and hepatic functions.

Does low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis prevent urinary infections?

The mechanism by which low-dose antibiotic prophylaxis provides a benefit is uncertain. Our results show that episodes of symptomatic UTIs (indicating infection with urinary pathogens) are suppressed while the incidence of asymptomatic bacteriuria (indicating urinary colonisation) was unchanged.

Is antibiotic treatment necessary if infection is bacterial?

Even if infection is bacterial, antibiotic treatment is not required unless the patient is at increased risk of rheumatic fever (eg Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, patients with scarlet fever)—see eTG complete for the dose of phenoxymethylpenicillin. See eTG complete for resources to support discussion with the patient or carer.

Is long-term low-dose macrolide antibiotic therapy effective in treating chronic airway diseases?

To better carry out the mechanism and clinical research of non-anti-infective effect and promote its rational use in children, the authors summarize the evidence of the usage of long-term, low-dose macrolide antibiotic therapy (LLMAT) in the treatment of chronic airway diseases in children and the progress in recent years.

What Is Low-dose Antibiotics

1. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(18)30279-2/fulltext
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159977/
3. https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2021/april/recurrent-utis-and-cystitis-symptoms-in-women
4. https://www.bmj.com/content/376/bmj-2021-0068229
5. https://www.abc.net.au/news/health/2024-04-11/vaccine-treatments-for-urinary-tract-infections-uti-antibiotic/103684972
6. https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(11)64262-6/fulltext
7. https://academic.oup.com/ofid/article/9/7/ofac327/6628136
8. https://www.frontiersin.org/research-topics/1879/low-dose-antibiotics-current-status-and-outlook-for-the-future
9. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41390-021-01613-4

Low-dose Antibiotics Information

1. https://platform.who.int/docs/default-source/mca-documents/policy-documents/guideline/COK-AD-17-05-GUIDELINE-2018-eng-Antibiotic-Guidelines.pdf
2. https://www.safetyandquality.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-11/therapeutic_guidelines_-_antibiotic_prescribing_in_primary_care_free_table.pdf
3. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa0902295
4. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/urinary-tract-infection/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353453
5. https://www.clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com/article/S1198-743X(21)00569-3/fulltext