Understanding Pharmacogenomics in Personalized Medicine

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What is pharmacogenomics & how does it work?

What is pharmacogenomics? What is pharmacogenomics? Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genes affect a person’s response to drugs. This field combines pharmacology (the science of drugs) and genomics (the study of genes and their functions) to develop effective, safe medications that can be prescribed based on a person’s genetic makeup.

What is the difference between pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics?

The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, there are differences between the two. Pharmacogenetics is limited to monogenic phenotypes (i.e., single gene-drug interactions).

What are some examples of pharmacogenomics?

Currently, providers only use pharmacogenomics for a limited number of health conditions and medications. Examples include some medications for HIV, certain cancers, depression and heart disease. But this field of medicine is rapidly changing and advancing.

How does pharmacogenomics affect your health?

Pharmacogenomics looks at how your DNA affects the way you respond to drugs. In some cases, your DNA can affect whether you have a bad reaction to a drug or whether a drug helps you or has no effect. Pharmacogenomics can improve your health by helping you know ahead of time whether a drug is likely to benefit you and be safe for you to take.

What does pharmacogenomics mean?

Pharmacogenomics, often abbreviated "PGx," is the study of the role of the genome in drug response. Its name ( pharmaco- + genomics) reflects its combining of pharmacology and genomics. Pharmacogenomics analyzes how the genetic makeup of a patient affects their response to drugs.

What are pharmacogenomics applications?

Pharmacogenomics applications can be employed in the improvement of discovery of new entities and its development with two possible ways: target the new drug targets or development of new entity to overcome drug resistance, and another way is to optimize the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of drug for reduction of the drug level variations [ 10 ].

What is the difference between pharmacogenomics and pharmacogenetics?

The International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH), a world-wide consortium of regulatory agencies, has defined “pharmacogenomics” as the study of variations of DNA and RNA characteristics as related to drug response, and “pharmacogenetics” as the study of variations in DNA sequence as related to drug response. 11

What Is Pharmacogenomics

1. https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/understanding/genomicresearch/pharmacogenomics/
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacogenomics
3. https://www.cdc.gov/genomics/disease/pharma.htm
4. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/pharmacogenomics
5. https://www.racgp.org.au/clinical-resources/clinical-guidelines/key-racgp-guidelines/view-all-racgp-guidelines/genomics-in-general-practice/genetic-tests-and-technologies/pharmacogenomics
6. https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(17)30642-0/fulltext
7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6707519/
8. https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/73392

Pharmacogenomics Information

1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41576-022-00572-8