Herpes Simplex Virus: Types, Symptoms, and Management

Herpes is a common viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). It can manifest as oral herpes (cold sores) or genital herpes, with symptoms including painful sores or blisters.
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Sexually Transmitted Infections | Skin Conditions | Viral Infections | HSV-1 | HSV-2 | Herpes Outbreak | Cold Sore Treatment
Prepared by Shruti Sahoo, reviewed by Dr. Eugene Smith

Herpes FAQ


Image credit: verywellhealth.com

What is genital herpes?

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that is caused by herpes simplex viruses (HSV) types 1 and 2. This is the same type of virus that causes cold sores. Around 1 in every 8 sexually active Australian adults have genital herpes. Genital herpes can cause outbreaks (flare-ups) of blisters or sores on the genitals and anus.

Where does herpes come from?

Both kinds can make sores pop up on and around your vulva, vagina, cervix, anus, penis, scrotum, butt, inner thighs, lips, mouth, throat, and rarely, your eyes. Herpes is spread from skin-to-skin contact with infected areas, often during vaginal sex, oral sex, anal sex, and kissing.

What is the herpes simplex virus?

The herpes simplex virus, also known as HSV, is a viral infection that causes genital and oral herpes. Many people live with asymptomatic HSV, which means they have the virus without ever having an outbreak or active episode of herpes. Others might experience occasional episodes of small, fluid-filled blisters or sores.

How many people in the world have herpes?

An estimated 3.7 billion people under age 50 (67%) globally have herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, the main cause of oral herpes. An estimated 491 million people aged 15–49 (13%) worldwide have herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection, the main cause of genital herpes.

Herpes References

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